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ptsd Car Accidents Can Lead To Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
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allan
Car Accidents Can Lead To Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
NEW YORK, Aug 23 (Reuters Health) --
People who are injured in car accidents often experience symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In some cases these symptoms may persist for years or even decades after the collision, according to Wisconsin researchers.
In their report, published in the August issue of American Family Physician, the study authors note that more than 3.5 million people are injured in motor vehicle accidents in the US each year, and about 9% of traffic accident survivors develop "significant post-traumatic stress symptoms."
These symptoms include persistent thoughts about the accident, feelings of detachment from others, insomnia, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
"Patients should be reassured that PTSD is a reaction to the stress of trauma, that it follows a predictable course and that is often resolves with timely intervention," report Dr. Dennis J. Butler, of the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, and colleagues from the University of Wisconsin Medical School in Madison. Feeling shock, anger, nervousness, and guilt after a car accident are commonplace. In certain cases, such symptoms may evolve into PTSD, and this is more likely if the accident was particularly severe, involved fatalities, if an individual has a had a prior traumatic experience or an underlying psychiatric disorders.
In one particularly severe case, a 34-year-old man was still having headaches, insomnia, gastrointestinal problems and persistent worry 12 years after a car accident, according to the report. The man suffered a broken leg and jaw and was trapped in his van for more than an hour after striking a bridge abutment, during which he could smell gasoline.
After rehabilitation, he was able to return to work but "became nauseated by the smell of gasoline, refused to drive, was anxious in public and drank to calm his nerves," according to the report. He received a settlement of $17,000 six years after the accident, but suffered from the psychological effects for years, including obsessive showering and cleaning rituals, until a combination of psychotherapy and medication helped him become symptom free.
A combination of therapy and medication, such as antidepressants, can help patients with persistent symptoms, according to the Wisconsin researchers.
"Accident-related PTSD can have devastating effects on a patient's quality of life," they conclude. "The family physician has the opportunity to help prevent motor vehicle accident trauma by encouraging the use of safety belts and safe driving habits, and by counseling drivers about the risks of driving while tired or under the influence of medication, alcohol or other substances."
SOURCE: American Family Physician 1999;60:524-530.
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